What a Fire Risk Assessment Includes
A fire risk assessment is a systematic review of a building, workplace, or premises to identify fire hazards, evaluate the level of risk, and determine measures needed to prevent fires and protect people if a fire occurs.
In the UK, fire risk assessments are a legal requirement for most non-domestic premises under the National Fire Chiefs Council guidance and the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005.
1. Identifying Fire Hazards
This involves looking for anything that could start or fuel a fire, such as:
• Electrical faults
• Flammable materials
• Heating equipment
• Cooking areas
2. Identifying People at Risk
Assess who may be vulnerable in the event of a fire, including:
• Employees
• Visitors
• Contractors
• Disabled persons
• Elderly occupants
• Children
3. Evaluating and Reducing Risk
The assessor considers:
• Likelihood of fire occurring
• Existing fire safety measures
• Escape routes
• Fire alarms and extinguishers
• Emergency lighting
• Staff training
Recommendations are then made to reduce risks.
4. Recording Findings
For businesses with five or more employees, significant findings should be documented, including:
• Hazards identified
• Actions required
• Responsible persons
• Review dates
5. Reviewing Regularly
Assessments should be reviewed:
• Annually
• After significant building changes
• Following a fire incident
• When occupancy changes
Purpose of a Fire Risk Assessment
The main goals are to:
• Prevent fires from starting
• Protect life and property
• Ensure safe evacuation
• Comply with legal obligations
Typical Premises Requiring Assessments
• Offices
• Shops
• Warehouses
• Schools
• Hotels
• Factories
• Apartment block communal areas
• Restaurants
Who Carries Out a Fire Risk Assessment?
A “competent person” with suitable fire safety knowledge can carry it out. This may be:
• A trained employee
• A facilities manager
• A specialist fire safety consultant